Clarium Fraud & Compliance Solutions Glossary

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  • a

  • The Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists is the world’s premiere association of anti-money laundering professionals representing all types of reporting entities globally. The ACAMS certification (CAMS) is recognized globally as the leading credential for professionals involved in AML compliance activities. https://www.acams.org
  • The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners is the world’s largest association of professional fraud investigators. The ACFE certification (CFE) is recognized globally and is the credential most sought after by prospective employers hiring for their fraud detection and prevention units. https://www.acfe.com/
  • Affinity fraud is a fraud scheme in which the perpetrator targets members of an identifiable ethnic, religious, or social group.
  • The Afghan Threat Finance Cell was created in 2008 to identify and disrupt financial sources of Taliban funding. The ATFC is supported by a number of U.S. enforcement agencies (including the United States' Drug Enforcement Administration and the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation) and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.
  • The Alberta Law Enforcement Response Team is a province-wide policing initiative that investigates organized crime, including drug trafficking, gangs and child exploitation. https://www.alert-ab.ca/
  • In Alberta, harassment and violence are defined as workplace hazards.  Part 27 of Alberta’s OHS Code requires employers to investigate incidents of violence and harassment and take corrective action.  https://www.alberta.ca/workplace-harassment-violence.aspx
  • Until 2023, the Alberta’ Teachers’ Association (ATA) was the regulator tasked with investigating complaints about the competency and conduct of ATA members.  In 2023, that responsibility was transferred to Alberta’s Education Commissioner. https://www.teachers.ab.ca/
  • The commission reviews and investigates complaints of alleged unprofessional conduct and professional incompetence filed against Alberta certificated teachers and teacher leaders. This includes teachers who are members of the Alberta Teachers' Association (ATA) as well as those who are not part of the ATA.  The commission consists of a commissioner and a team of investigators, professional assurance officers, and administrative professionals.  https://www.alberta.ca/alberta-teaching-profession-commission.aspx
  • The Alberta Law Enforcement Response Team is a province-wide policing initiative that investigates organized crime, including drug trafficking, gangs and child exploitation. https://www.alert-ab.ca/
  • Anti-Money Laundering is a term applied to laws and regulations designed to prevent the proceeds of crime from being cleaned or laundered through financial transactions involving legitimate businesses.
  • Anti-Money Laundering is a term applied to laws and regulations designed to prevent the proceeds of crime from being cleaned or laundered through financial transactions involving legitimate businesses.
  • An Anton Piller Order is a civil court order that permits the search of a location and seizure of evidence without prior warning.
  • The Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists is the world’s premiere association of anti-money laundering professionals representing all types of reporting entities globally. The ACAMS certification (CAMS) is recognized globally as the leading credential for professionals involved in AML compliance activities. https://www.acams.org
  • The Association of Certified Fraud Examiners is the world’s largest association of professional fraud investigators. The ACFE certification (CFE) is recognized globally and is the credential most sought after by prospective employers hiring for their fraud detection and prevention units. https://www.acfe.com/
  • The Afghan Threat Finance Cell was created in 2008 to identify and disrupt financial sources of Taliban funding. The ATFC is supported by a number of U.S. enforcement agencies (including the United States' Drug Enforcement Administration and the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation) and the Royal Canadian Mounted Police.

  • c

  • The CAACC, or Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre, is Africa’s first regional anti-corruption centre for excellence. Established in 2013 and headquartered in Gaborone, Botswana, the CAACC provides ongoing training for officials from across the continent as well as for officers from local oversight bodies. Ken Brander is a CAACC facilitator.
  • Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists have successfully completed the  rigourous course of studies and certification offered by the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS). https://www.acams.org/home
  • Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists have successfully completed the  rigourous course of studies and certification offered by the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS). https://www.acams.org/home
  • A Certified Fraud Examiner is the designation awarded to those who completed the in-depth course of studies and certification offered by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). https://www.acfe.com
  • A Certified Fraud Examiner is the designation awarded to those who completed the in-depth course of studies and certification offered by the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE). https://www.acfe.com
  • As defined by the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act, a chief officer means the deputy minister of a department, the department head of an office of the legislature and with respect to a public entity, the prescribed individual. The prescribed individual for entities in the education and health sectors are listed in Schedule 2 of the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Regulations. If no individual has been so designated, then the individual charged with the administration and operation of the public entity is deemed to be the chief officer.
  • The CAACC, or Commonwealth Africa Anti-Corruption Centre, is Africa’s first regional anti-corruption centre for excellence. Established in 2013 and headquartered in Gaborone, Botswana, the CAACC provides ongoing training for officials from across the continent as well as for officers from local oversight bodies. Ken Brander is a CAACC facilitator.
  • Both the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS) and the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) require that all certified members of their organizations complete 20 Continuing Professional Education hours per year in order to retain their certification.
  • Both the Association of Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialists (ACAMS) and the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) require that all certified members of their organizations complete 20 Continuing Professional Education hours per year in order to retain their certification.
  • The Criminal Code is Canada’s codified body of criminal law.

  • d

  • As defined by the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act, a designated officer is a senior official designated by each chief officer to manage and investigate disclosures under the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act and Regulations. There are no restrictions on who the chief officer can appoint to this position. The designated officer could be a senior employee from inside the entity or could be an independent investigator from outside the entity. Clarium Fraud and Compliance is ideally placed to serve as designated officer for Alberta entities that must comply with the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act and Regulations .
  • As defined by the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act, a disclosure is a disclosure of wrongdoing made in good faith by an employee in accordance with the Act.

  • e

  • The Edmonton Police Service is the municipal police force in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. https://www.edmontonpolice.ca/
  • The Egmont Group of Financial Intelligence Units is the informal global network of Financial Intelligence Units (FIU) that share information on AML/TF typologies and trends. FIUs can also utilize the Egmont Group to share information on specific investigations. For example, Afghanistan’s FIU can make a request through Canada’s FIU for information on the reportable financial transactions of a particular person or entity. https://www.egmontgroup.org/
  • The Edmonton Police Service is the municipal police force in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. https://www.edmontonpolice.ca/

  • f

  • The Financial Action Task Force was established in 1989 by the Group of Seven states. The FATF sets global anti-money laundering and terrorist financing standards, analyzes money laundering and terrorist financing trends and typologies, and conducts mutual evaluations. https://www.fatf-gafi.org/
  • The Financial Action Task Force was established in 1989 by the Group of Seven states. The FATF sets global anti-money laundering and terrorist financing standards, analyzes money laundering and terrorist financing trends and typologies, and conducts mutual evaluations. https://www.fatf-gafi.org/
  • All states that are party to the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) or similar regional bodies have a Financial Intelligence Unit. Canada’s FIU is the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada( FINTRAC); the United States of America has FINCEN, and Afghanistan has FINTRACA.
  • Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada is Canada’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and is responsible for enforcing Canada’s Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA) and Regulations. https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/intro-eng.asp
  • Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada is Canada’s Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU) and is responsible for enforcing Canada’s Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA) and Regulations. https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/intro-eng.asp
  • All states that are party to the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) or similar regional bodies have a Financial Intelligence Unit. Canada’s FIU is the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre of Canada( FINTRAC); the United States of America has FINCEN, and Afghanistan has FINTRACA.
  • Most definitions of fraud have two essential elements: dishonesty and deprivation. Canada’s criminal law related to fraud offences is found in Section IX and Section X of the Criminal Code.

  • h

  • Under the Health Professions Act (HPA), health professions are governed by regulatory bodies called colleges. These regulatory colleges have powers and authorities for self-governance.

  • l

  • Canada's Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act requires the submission of a Large Cash Transaction Report for all of Canada’s reporting entities if any single transaction, or a combination of transactions, received from or on behalf of a single customer within a 24-hour period amount to $10,000 cash.
  • Canada's Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act requires the submission of a Large Cash Transaction Report for all of Canada’s reporting entities if any single transaction, or a combination of transactions, received from or on behalf of a single customer within a 24-hour period amount to $10,000 cash.

  • m

  • In essence, money laundering is the criminal proceeds of crime in motion. The three stages of money laundering are commonly identified as placement, layering, and integration. However, John Broome has postulated a more comprehensive model involving generation, consolidation, placement, layering, integration, and realization.

  • n

  • A Norwich Order is a civil court order that compels entities such as financial institutions to produce documents and data.

  • o

  • Canada’s Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions regulates Canada’s financial institutions and publishes lists of people sanctioned by the Government of Canada. It is unlawful for a Canadian person or business to conduct transactions with a person whose name appears on OSFI’s sanction lists. https://www.osfi-bsif.gc.ca/Eng/Pages/default.aspx
  • Canada’s Office of the Superintendent of Financial Institutions regulates Canada’s financial institutions and publishes lists of people sanctioned by the Government of Canada. It is unlawful for a Canadian person or business to conduct transactions with a person whose name appears on OSFI’s sanction lists. https://www.osfi-bsif.gc.ca/Eng/Pages/default.aspx

  • p

  • Canada’s Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (and accompanying Regulations) establishes Canada’s reporting entities and anti-money laundering compliance requirements. It also establishes the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre (FINTRAC) as Canada's financial intelligence unit (FIU). https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/act-loi/1-eng.asp
  • A Predicate Offence is a criminal offence that generates criminal profits or proceeds of crime, such as drug trafficking, fraud, smuggling, or tax evasion.
  • Canada’s Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (and accompanying Regulations) establishes Canada’s reporting entities and anti-money laundering compliance requirements. It also establishes the Financial Transactions and Reports Analysis Centre (FINTRAC) as Canada's financial intelligence unit (FIU). https://www.fintrac-canafe.gc.ca/act-loi/1-eng.asp
  • As defined by the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act and Regulations, a public entity means any agency, board, commission, Crown corporation or other entity designated as a public entity in the as defined in the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Regulations. Provincial (Crown) corporations are defined in Section 1(1)(r)(i) or (ii) of the Financial Administration Act. Public entities involved in the education and health sectors are listed in Schedule 1 of the Regulations and include:

  • r

  • The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is Canada's national (federal, provincial, and municipal) police force. https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/
  • Alberta health professions and health professionals regulated by the Health Professions Act.  A regulated professions is required to investigate complaints about its members’ competence and conduct including allegations of sexual abuse and sexual misconduct.  https://www.alberta.ca/regulated-health-professions.aspx
  • Reporting entities are the business sectors that fall under the authority of the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) and Terrorist Financing Act (PCMLTFA).
  • As defined by the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act, a reprisal means measures taken or directed against an employee as described in section 24 of the Act, specifically:
    1. a dismissal, layoff, suspension, demotion or transfer, discontinuation or elimination of a job, change of a job location, reduction in wages, change in hours of work or reprimand;
    2. any measure other than one mentioned in clause (a), that adversely affects the employee’s employment or working conditions;
    3. a threat to take any of the measures mentioned in clause (a) or (b).
  • The Royal Canadian Mounted Police is Canada's national (federal, provincial, and municipal) police force. https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/

  • s

  • A Suspicious Transaction Report is a mandatory report for  Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (DPMS).
  • A Suspicious Transaction Report is a mandatory report for  Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (DPMS).

  • t

  • Terrorist Financing refers to the funding of terrorist activities.
  • A Terrorist Property Report is a mandatory report for Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (DPMS
  • Terrorist Financing refers to the funding of terrorist activities.
  • A Terrorist Property Report is a mandatory report for Dealers in Precious Metals and Stones (DPMS

  • u

  • United Nations https://www.un.org/en/
  • United Nations https://www.un.org/en/
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is the lead United Nations organization in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime. https://www.unodc.org/
  • United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime is the lead United Nations organization in the fight against illicit drugs and international crime. https://www.unodc.org/

  • w

  • As defined by Section 3 of the Public Interest Disclosure (Whistleblower Protection) Act, a wrongdoing is:
    1. a contravention of an Act, a regulation made pursuant to an Act, an Act of Parliament of Canada or a regulation made pursuant to an Act of Parliament of Canada;
    2. an act or omission that creates:
      1. a substantial and specific danger to the life, health or safety of individuals other than a danger that is inherent in the performance of the duties or functions of an employee, or
      2. a substantial and specific danger to the environment;
    3. gross mismanagement of public funds or a public asset;
    4. knowingly directing or counseling an individual to commit a wrongdoing mentioned in clauses (a) to (c).

Clarium Fraud & Compliance Solutions services include Fraud Investigations, Litigation Support, Whistleblower Programs, Anti-Corruption, Workplace Conduct, and Regulatory Investigations.

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Edmonton, Alberta, CA

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